The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted an action plan which aims to enhance existing regulations and introduce new supporting measures to reduce marine plastic litter from ships.
The action plan stipulates actions to be completed by 2025, which relate to all ships, including fishing vessels. The concrete measures and details will be further considered by MEPC 74.
The reduction measures being targeted on behalf of the shipping industry include a review of the application of placards, garbage management plans and garbage record-keeping in MARPOL Annex V.
It is also being proposed to establish compulsory mechanism to declare loss of containers and identify number of losses; and consider ways to communicate location of containers lost overboard.
Dumping plastics into the sea is already prohibited under regulations for the prevention of pollution by garbage from ships in the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), which also oblige governments to ensure adequate port reception facilities to receive ship waste.
Only permitted materials can be dumped and this waste – such as from dredging – has to be fully assessed to ensure it does not contain harmful materials like plastics.
However, studies demonstrate that despite the existing regulatory framework to prevent marine plastic litter from ships, discharges into the sea continue to occur. Marine litter has a substantial harmful effect on the marine life and it can also pose dangers to shipping.
For example, abandoned or lost fishing nets can become entangled in propellers and rudders.
Specific identified measures in the action plan also include a proposed study on marine plastic litter from ships;looking into the availability and adequacy of port reception facilities;consideration of making marking of fishing gear mandatory, in cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); and promoting reporting the loss of fishing gear.
Other measures include facilitating the delivery of retrieved fishing gear to shore facilities;reviewing provisions related to the training of fishing vessel personnel and familiarization of seafarers to ensure awareness of the impact of marine plastic litter;enhancing public awareness; andstrengthening international cooperation, in particular FAO and UN Environment.
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